Truck for railroad rolling stock



' April 14, 1925.

' R. F. HALL TRUCK FOR RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed.hfarch 10, 1924 Flea- I /2& 12;: 7& fZa 1Z5 WITNESSES Ail-i1 14, 1925.

' R. F. HALL TRUCK FOR RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK Filed March 10, 192 4.: 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 LATERAL DlSPLACEMENT F l G. 8

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WITNESSES JM M/M Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

1,533,245 earsur OFFICE.

ROBERT F. HALL, OF SGHENECTADY, NEW YORK.

To all whom it may concern:

'Be it known that I, Bonner F. I'IALL, a

citizen of the United States, and a residentof Schenectady, in the county of Schenectady and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Trucks for Railroad Rolling Stock, of which improvement the following is a specification.

My invention relates generally to trucks for railroad rolling stock, of the class or type in which lateral resistance devices are provided, which is set forth in Letters Patent of the United States No. 1,060,222, granted andissued to IV. E. Woodard, un-

' der date of April 29, 1913, and in. apolidtions for Letters Patent States, filed by me November 29, 1922.

of the United Serial No. 603,916; November 29. 1922. so;

rial No. 603,917; August 31, 1923, Serial No. 660,371; and October 6, 1923, Serial My present invention particularly relates to swing hanger links for trucks of the type above stated, of the class known as threepoint suspension, and its object is to provide a construction, in the operation. of

V which the stability of the bolster, and of the truck as a whole. will be preserved, when the bolster is displaced laterally from its ,middle position, to a relatively large ca tent, by a limitation of the decree of lateral resistance instituted by the displacement of the bolster. The operative result attained, further reduces the strain and wear on the truck, and other parts, due to lateral resislink shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 41, a view, in

elevation, of the same, taken at a right angle to Fig. 3; Fig. 5, a viewtaken sim- ;il arlyto Fig. 3, of the swing hanger link of my invention, as shown in Fig. 2, with the two upper bearings in'line horizontally; Fig. 6, a sim lar view of the same w1th the two upper bearings'in a. plane-inclined to a horizontal p1ane; F,1g. 7 a view, partly in TRUCK FOR RAILROAD ROLLING STOCK.

Application filed March 10, 1924. Serial No. 698,172.

elevation and partly in section, of the bolster and the adjoining portion of the centre pin; Fig. 8, adiagrammatic illustration of the comparative resistance characteristics of the ordinary swing hanger link and of that of my invention, respectively; and, Fig.9, a diagram illustrating the forces acting on the bolster when it is displaced laterally from its middle position.

My invention is herein exemplified in a two-wheeled locomotive truck of the swing or lateral-motion type, in which, as in present practice, a frame, 1, is suspended, through the intermediation of springs. 11, on the journal boxes. 4, of an axle, 5, on which the truck wheels, 5*, are secured. A swing frame or bolster support, 6, extends from one to the other of the side members of the truck frame, to which it is fixed at its ends. as by beina' made integral therewith. The weioght carried by the truck is primarily applied thereto. through a floatins: or swing bolster. 7. which is provided with a centre plate. in which a centre pin, 7*, is fitted. The bolster is supported. with the capacity of lateral movement. relatively to the frame. by swing hanger links, hereinafter described.

The swinging movement of each of said links is alternately about the axes of pins. 12 and 12 as the bolster is displaced to the right or the left of its middle position in the operation of the locomotive on curved track.

In swing hanger links, 9, of the usual design known in practice, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3, a vertical line, a, a, drawn through the lower pin, 9, when the link is in its middle position, is equidistant from the two upper pins, 12, 12 and the axes of said pins are in the same horizontal plane. In this construction, the two sets of swing hanger links make the same anqles with vertical lines through the axes of the pins upon which the links are swinging, and the transfer in load to the outer links, due to the point of application of the load and resistance being; above the lower pin hearing, as hereinafter described, does not affect the total degree of lateral resistance set up by the displacement of the bolster from its middle position.

In the practice of my invention, referring descriptively to the specific embodiment thereof which is herein exemplified,

struction, so far as my knowledge and information extend, consists, in the disposition of the upperbearing recesses, rela tively to the middle line of the link, or to the vertical line a: passing through the axis of the lower bearing pin, 9, when the link is in its middle position, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6. i

In the form shown in Fig. 5, the vertical line, a (a is offset relatively to therecesses for the upper bearing pins, 12, 12

that is tosay, the axes of SELlCllBCGSSQS are at unequal-distances, both horizontally and vertically, from said line, that of the inner pin, 12, being, preferably, nearer thereto. The axes of said recesses are located in the same horizontal plane, at a right angle to the line a. a, as indicated by the'line Z) Z). In the structural modification shown in Fig. 6, the axes of the upper bearing pin re cesses of the link, 9, are located in a plane at an angle to the vertical line a a, as indicated by the line 0 a. The axes of said recesses are, in Fig. 5, so spaced as to be at unequal distances, vertically, from the axes ofthe lower bearing pin, 9. A further structural modification maybe made by locating the axes of the upper bearing recesses at unequal distances from the line 00' a, in the plane, 0' o, inclined, as in Fig. 6 to said line. r i V The diagram, Fig. 9, illustrates theforces acting on the bolster, 7, and swing hanger links 9, 9*, when the bolster is displaced to the left of the middle line, a a2, of the truck, from which it will be seen that the displacement of the bolster by the horizontal' force (R,+R,) applied abovethe lower swing hanger link pins, results in a transfer of loadbetween the links "9 and "9 the load on the inner link, 9 being decreased, and the load on the outer link, 9 ,.being increased by an equal amount. It will be noted that the angle, cl, is less than the angle, 6. The outer link, 9 which stands at the angle, at, with a vertical line, supports more than half of the vertical, load .(lV l-Vv and the inner link, 9, whichstands at theangle, a, with a verti cal line, supports less'than half of the ve'r- .tical load on thebolster. It, therefore, follows, that the link having the greatest load,

is aifected by a lesser proportionate resistance angle, the lateral resistance due to the displacement of each link being equal to the 'Ee b' 'Qal-load' on that link, multiplied by Qthe' taingentof the angle which, it makes with a vertical line. By reason of this transfer of load, and the disposition of the links above stated, the rate ofincrease of lateral resistance with the lateral displacement of the bolster, is less rapid than in the operation of the ordinary three-point suspension links having the same length and initial resistance. Curves indicating the comparative variations of resistance with the lateral displacement, are shown in Fig. 8, the curve, f, corresponding to the construction of Fig. 1, and the curve, g, with that of Fig. 2.

Progressively as the bolster is displaced to one side orthe other, the swinghanger link toward which it is displaced, supports an increased proportion of the load borne by the bolster. Nhen the displacement has proceeded to a certain point, determined by the proportions of the parts, all the load will be transferred to the outer hanger link, 9 and this point marks the limit of the stable positions of the bolster, as any further increase in displacement, will move it about the bearing pin of the outer link, outside which the resultant of the forces will then pass. I

The degree of resistance instituted bythe displacement of the bolster,also affects the stability of the truck as a whole, and when the resultant of the vertical load and the horizontalreaction due to th displacement of the bolster, indicated in Fig. 9, passes beyond the middle of the outer rail, 13, of the curve, the inner wheel may be lifted from the inner rail, causing danger of derailment. There is'a margin of stability beyond this, due to the weight of the parts of the truck itself, but in general, it is with the vertical middle line, a; 00', of the truck, with which it coincides in the middle position, but stands at an angle to the line, .92 x. This angular position is compensated for by making the bearing, 7, on the end of the spindle or centre pin, 7", of spherical form, and fitting it in a corresponding-concave seat, 7 on the topof thebolster.

If desired, the swing hanger links, 9, 9 may be transposed in position, so that the vertical middle line, through the lower bearing pin, will be closer to the outer bearing pin, 12*, than to the inner-pin, 12 and the swing hanger links shown in Fig. '6 may be similarly transposed. This transposition would result in the greater portion of the load being affected by the largest proportional resistance angle, and would give a higher rate of increase of resistance with the lateral displacement than in the case of the symmetrical form of swing hanger link. In general, however, the construction shown in Figs. 2 and 5, and first above described, will be found to be most desirable, the alternative construction, above referred to, being of comparatively minor importance.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a railroad truck, the combination of a frame; a bolster, adapted to traverse laterally relatively thereto; and swing hanger links, supporting said bolster, and

provided with two upper bearings and one lower bearing, the upper bearings being disposed so that the distances between them and the lower bearing are unequal, and that a vertical line through the lower hearing will be intermediate them when the link is in its middle position.

2. In a railroad truck, the combination of a frame; a bolster, adapted to traverse laterally relatively thereto; and swing hanger links, supporting said bolster, and provided with two upper bearings and one lower bearing, the upper bearings being disposed at unequal distances from the lower bearing, in a line which is inclined relatively to a vertical line through the lower bearing which is intermediate the upper bearings when the link is in its middle position.

'3. In a railroad truck, the combination of a frame; a bolster, adapted to traverse laterally relatively thereto; and swing hanger links, supporting said bolster, and provided with two upper bearings and one lower bearing, the upper bearings being disposed on opposite sides of the middle lines of the links, at unequal distances from the lower bearings, and the swing hanger links being so disposed, relatively to the truck structure, that their upper bearings which are closer to vertical lines through the lower bearings, lie between said vertical lines and the middle vertical plane of the truck.

4:. A swing hanger link for lateral motion railroad trucks, having two upper bearings and one lower bearing, the upper bearings being disposed on opposite sides of the middle line of the link, at unequal distances, longitudinally, from the lower bearing.

5. A swing hanger link for lateral motion railroad trucks, having two upper bearings and one lower bearing, the upper bearings being disposed on opposite sides of the middle line of the link, in a line which is inclined, relatively to said middle line.

6. In a railroad truck, the combination of a frame; a bolster, adapted to traverse laterally relatively thereto; swing hanger links, substantially as described, supporting said bolster; and a spherically recessed seat on the top of the bolster, at the middle thereof, for the reception of a correspondingly formed bearing on a centre pin.

ROBERT F. HALL.

Witnesses:

G. K. GETCHELL, B. C. FABOSKAY. 

